Oxygen therapy is a routine clinical treatment method. With the development of social economy, oxygen therapy has gradually entered ordinary families. Oxygen is also a special drug, and oxygen therapy has certain side effects.

1 What are the side effects of oxygen therapy?

① Paradoxical effect of oxygen: If the human body suddenly changes to pure oxygen (or high-concentration oxygen) after severe hypoxia, it may cause short-term hypoxia symptoms and aggravate the deterioration of other conditions of the body, that is, "paradoxical effect of oxygen". Therefore, when correcting severe hypoxia, sudden large-scale inhalation of pure oxygen should be avoided, and the oxygen partial pressure of the inhaled gas should be increased more gently.

② Oxygen poisoning: Oxygen poisoning generally occurs during hyperbaric oxygen therapy or long-term inhalation of high-concentration oxygen at normal pressure. The main damaged parts are tissues such as the brain, lungs and eyes, which is related to the high and low oxygen concentration and the duration of oxygen supply. It is generally believed that adults who inhale oxygen with an oxygen concentration of more than 60% at normal pressure for more than 24 hours need to pay attention to the risk of oxygen poisoning. Neonatal oxygen therapy should be more cautious, and the general oxygen concentration should be controlled below 40%.

③ Carbon dioxide retention: The aggravation of carbon dioxide retention is mainly related to the reduced excitatory effect of hypoxia on the respiratory center after oxygen therapy. When the arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) increases progressively, mechanical ventilation should be used in time.

④ Absorption atelectasis: When the local airway is blocked, after inhaling a higher concentration of oxygen, the nitrogen in the local alveoli is washed out in large quantities. After the oxygen is absorbed by the blood, alveolar collapse and atelectasis are prone to occur.

⑤ Complications caused by the connection device: such as nasal catheter damage to the nasal mucosa, mask oxygen inhalation causes conjunctivitis, nosebleeds, etc.

⑥ Dry respiratory tract: The oxygen in the oxygen cylinder is extremely dry. If the patient's nasopharyngeal function is not good, or the oxygen humidification is not good, the respiratory tract can be dried, the purification and defense effect is reduced, and even asthma can be induced.

2 What are the precautions for oxygen therapy?

① Pay attention to etiological treatment: When conducting oxygen therapy, the underlying lesions should be actively treated first, otherwise the effect of oxygen therapy will be insignificant or ineffective. Different oxygen inhalation methods, concentrations and times should be selected according to different underlying diseases. In addition to the use of medium and high flow oxygen inhalation in emergency treatment such as high-altitude pulmonary edema, high-altitude cerebral edema, and carbon monoxide poisoning, low flow oxygen inhalation is generally advocated, and the oxygen flow rate is 2 to 3 L/min.

② Strengthen monitoring: During oxygen therapy, the patient's state of consciousness, degree of cyanosis, respiration, heart rate and urine volume changes should be observed at any time, and blood gas should be monitored to adjust the oxygen therapy method in time.

③ Humidification of inhaled oxygen: Compressed oxygen is a dry gas, and a humidification bottle must be installed to humidify it.

④ Cleaning and disinfection of oxygen therapy equipment: Nasal catheters, masks, humidification bottles, pipes, etc. should be cleaned, disinfected or replaced regularly.

⑤ Safety: Oxygen can help combustion, and smoking and fire should be prohibited in oxygen therapy areas.

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